Sunlight has multiple effects on objects.

• Make observations (firsthand or from media) to construct an evidence-based account for natural phenomena.

• Generate and/or compare multiple solutions to a problem.

• With guidance, plan and conduct an investigation in collaboration with peers (for K).

• Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer a question.

• Make observations (firsthand or from media) and/or measurements to collect data that can be used to make comparisons.

• Make observations (firsthand or from media) and/or measurements of a proposed object or tool or solution to determine if it solves a problem or meets a goal.

• Make predictions based on prior experiences.

• Students learn that events have causes that generate observable patterns. They design simple tests to gather evidence to support or refute their own ideas about causes.

• Students observe the shape and stability of structures of natural and designed objects are related to their function(s).

• Matter exists as different substances that have observable different properties. Different properties are suited to different purposes. Objects can be built up from smaller parts.

• Sunlight warms Earth’s surface.

• Designs can be conveyed through sketches, drawings, or physical models. These representations are useful in communicating ideas for a problem’s solutions to other people. To design something complicated, one may need to break the problem into parts and attend to each part separately but must then bring the parts together to test the overall plan.

• Because there is always more than one possible solution to a problem, it is useful to compare designs, test them, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses.